![]() Walaupun termasuk dalam katagori toksik ringan, akan tetapi mulai pada dosis 4000 mg/kg bb ekstrak daun miana menyebabkan degenerasi dan nekrosa sel pada organ usus, hati, dan ginjal. ![]() Berdasarkan nilai LD50 ekstrak etanol daun miana termasuk dalam kategori toksik ringan. Degenerasi dan nekrosis ditemukan pada organ usus, hati dan ginjal yang meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan dosis ekstrak. Hasil pemeriksaan histopatologi menunjukkan adanya pembendungan, oedema, dilatasi tubuli pada organ ginjal. Pemeriksaan patologi anatomi menunjukkan perdarahan pada rongga perut ditemukan pada dosis 10000 mg/kg bb ekstrak etanol. Gejala klinis yang terlihat pada mencit sebelum mati adalah tidak aktif, lemah, ritme pernapasan menurun dan bulu berdiri. Hasil analisis probit menunjukkan LD50 ekstrak etanol daun miana adalah 9757.14 mg/kg berat badan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak daun miana memiliki toksisitas yang rendah. Pengujian toksisitas dilakukan pada mencit dengan pemberian per oral untuk menentukan toksisitas akut dan dosis letal 50% (LD50). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi toksisitas akut ekstrak etanol daun miana pada mencit. Sampai saat ini belum diketahui tingkat dosis yang menyebabkan toksisitas bagi pemakainya. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of CbVd-1 in the United States.Ĭoleus blumei memiliki berbagai khasiat untuk mengobati berbagai macam penyakit termasuk kecacingan. Two other sequences, from cvs Fire Mountain and Smokey Rose, were deposited in the GenBank under accession numbers MZ326144 and MZ326146, respectively. Because the sequences from cvs Lovebird, Marrakesh, and Nutmeg, were found 100% identical, one sequence was deposited in GenBank (MZ326145). The genomes of the five CbVd-1 isolates displayed 96.9-100% identity among each other and 96.0-100% identity to the CbVd-1 sequences available in GenBank. All coleviroid- and CbVd-1-specific PCR products were sequenced directly using the Sanger methodology, and revealed whole genomes for five isolates of CbVd-1 from Oregon, U.S.A. None of the tested plants were positive for CbVd-5, either with the specific, or universal primers. 250-bp band in RT-PCR with primers CbVds-P1/P2. showing the 150-nt band in RT-PCR with CbVd1-F1/R1 primers, but did not show the ca. One plant (cv Jigsaw) was positive for CbVd-1, i.e. Two of these CbVd-1 positive plants (cvs Lovebird and Nutmeg) were also positive for CbVd-1 based on the presence of a single 150-nt band in the RT-PCR assay with CbVd1-F1/R1 primers. blumei plants (cvs Fire Mountain, Lovebird, Smokey Rose, Marrakesh, and Nutmeg) were positive for a coleviroid based on the observation of the single 250-nt band in the RT-PCR test with CbVds-P1/P2 primers. 2011), and two additional primer pairs, CbVd1-F1/R1 and CbVd5-F1/R1, specific for CbVd-1 and CbVd-5, respectively (Smith et al. 2011) for the CbVd-1 and CbVd-5 with the universal primer pair CbVds-P1/P2, which amplifies the complete genome of all members in the genus Coleviroid (Jiang et al. 1983) and used in reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR tests (Jiang et al. Total nucleic acids were extracted from each sample (Dellaporta et al. The sampled plants were selected randomly and no symptoms were apparent in any of the samples. blumei, one plant of each, were submitted to the University of Idaho laboratory from a commercial nursery located in Oregon to screen for the presence of viroids. In April 2021, leaf tissue samples from 27 cultivars of C. However there have been no reports of Coleus blumei viroids occurring in the U.S.A. Six viroids, named Coleus blumei viroid 1 to 6 (CbVd-1 to -6) have been identified in coleus plants in many countries of the world (Nie and Singh 2017), including Canada (Smith et al. ![]() ![]() Coleus blumei) is a widely grown evergreen ornamental plant valued for its highly decorative variegated leaves.
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